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Xu, George Q. – 1989
A discussion of the state of writing instruction in English as a foreign language (EFL) in China begins with a review of the history of instruction, and then looks at the current situation in Chinese schools. The focus in on political influences on the evolution of EFL composition instruction and on problems in the acceptance of contemporary…
Descriptors: Classroom Techniques, Educational History, Educational Objectives, Educational Strategies
Chen, Kuan-Yu – 1973
This report outlines the background of educational policy and objectives before and after the Cultural Revolution in China. The basis of Chinese educational philosophy is Marxism-Leninism; the ideal society is that of the Marxian utopia of a classless society. The role of education is service to the state, not the individual. Educational policy is…
Descriptors: Comparative Education, Economic Development, Educational Change, Educational History

Keqiang, Wang – TESL Canada Journal, 1986
The history and current status of teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL) in China, including problems, solutions, and overall objectives of TEFL, are discussed as well as teaching methods used in middle schools, colleges, and universities. (Author/CB)
Descriptors: Educational History, Educational Needs, Elementary Secondary Education, English (Second Language)

Hao, Keming – Comparative Education, 1984
Covers needs in research on higher education in China, theory and practice, higher education and society, history of Chinese education and the experience of other countries (briefly), and educational leadership and mass participation in research. (MH)
Descriptors: Comparative Education, Educational Change, Educational History, Educational Improvement
History of Higher Education, 1993
This annual compilation examines issues in the shaping and adaptation of the modern university, in five articles. The first article, by Amy Sue Bix, is titled "'Backing into Sponsored Research': Physics and Engineering at Princeton University, 1945-1970." It reviews the process by which Princeton University (New Jersey) made a series of…
Descriptors: Comparative Education, Educational Development, Educational History, Engineering
Yang, Yi – 2000
This paper considers how to more effectively teach English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in China by incorporating lessons from the 20th century experience of English language learning. The main purpose is to learn more about how English was taught during different periods of time. This information might inform current and future practices by…
Descriptors: Adult Education, Asian History, Chinese, Classroom Techniques
Wollons, Roberta, Ed. – 2000
This book is a study of the diffusion and transformation of the kindergarten around the turn of the twentieth century, concentrating most centrally on the power of local cultures to respond to and reformulate borrowed ideas. Eleven case studies represent western and nonwestern national histories, various religious traditions, and a range of…
Descriptors: Adoption (Ideas), Case Studies, Cultural Influences, Diffusion (Communication)

Adamson, Bob; Morris, Paul – Comparative Education Review, 1997
Analyzes Chinese policy toward secondary English curriculum during five time periods, 1956-present. Focusing on links between politics and education and on the role of a centralized bureaucracy gives only a partial picture of curriculum development, which also includes a widening base of stakeholders, increasing sensitivity to teacher concerns,…
Descriptors: Curriculum Development, Educational History, Educational Policy, Educational Trends

Keenan, Barry – Change, 1998
Discusses two practices of the centuries-old Chinese Confucian academies that might benefit the American college teacher today: how Chinese academies have fostered student-teacher rapport and how they developed student motivation to learn. The origins and loss of these traditions are also examined. (MSE)
Descriptors: College Faculty, College Instruction, College Students, Confucianism
Lytle, R. R.; Johnson, K. E.; Hui, Y. J. – American Annals of the Deaf, 2005
An overview is provided of (a) deaf education in China, (b) views of deaf Chinese, and (c) recent empowering international collaborations. China's national policy focuses on oral/aural education and hearing rehabilitation. However, everyday practice in schools for deaf children includes various forms of Chinese Sign Language. Early childhood…
Descriptors: Deafness, Foreign Countries, Educational History, Hearing Therapy
Yun, Xu; And Others – 1995
This paper provides an overview of the policies, process, and practice of special education in the People's Republic of China. Individual sections address the following topics: historical perspectives; legislative highlights (especially China's 1986 compulsory education law and the law on the protection of people with disabilities passed in 1991);…
Descriptors: Comparative Education, Curriculum, Definitions, Delivery Systems
State Education Commission (China). Dept. of Planning and Construction. – 1990
This informational yearbook reflects the development of the educational system of the People's Republic of China using data from the provincial governments and municipalities. Information is presented in the following tables: (1) national summary tables; (2) higher education; (3) secondary education; (4) primary education; (5) special education;…
Descriptors: Adult Education, Annual Reports, Educational History, Elementary Secondary Education

Cheng, Kai-Ming; Jin, Xinhuo; Gu, Xiaobo – Comparative Education, 1999
In China, lifelong learning has a long history--as a way to prepare for traditional civil examinations, which opened opportunities for social mobility and, later, to train the adult workforce to meet national economic objectives. In Shanghai, adult education has recently become essential for adapting the workforce to rapid economic change, but…
Descriptors: Adult Education, Communism, Community Education, Education Work Relationship

An, Shuhua – International Journal of Educational Reform, 2000
Under traditional Confucianism, China's school system became authoritarian, rigid, and undemocratic. In recent decades, China had one national curriculum and one unified set of textbooks. Now, text publication is more varied, curriculum planning and writing is becoming more democratic, and Western ideas are incorporated to spur economic…
Descriptors: Authoritarianism, Centralization, Democratic Values, Economic Factors
Zhou, Minglang – Current Issues in Language Planning, 2005
The People's Republic of China has employed two means of literacy promotion: a campaign approach and a legislative approach to meet the needs of nation-state building through education. From 1949 through to the late 1970s, the campaign approach was motivated by a political rationale, but later an economic rationale also became important. From the…
Descriptors: Language Planning, Literacy Education, Compulsory Education, Minority Groups