In China work-study education is conceived as a way for every Chinese citizen to merge individual ambitions with the collective goals of the Chinese Revolution. Discusses the regular, full-time work-study program as it has developed in China from the 1930's to the present. (Author/RK)

Traces the various forms of nonformal, experience-based learning evident in China during the past 50 years. Relates changes in Mao's educational theories during the revolution, the "Great Leap Forward," the "Cultural Revolution," and the current Teng regime. (NEC)

Resumption and development of graduate education since 1976 are described, with attention to admissions, examinations, stress on science and engineering, institution types, curriculum, dissertations, the new degree system, and teaching and research employment patterns. Interrelationships of graduate study and the educational and political debate,…

Education in China was dominated for 2000 years by Confucianism, with its reverence for learning and resultant class system. Under Mao, education emphasized practical applications of subject matter and the importance of manual labor. Since Mao's death, schools are again beginning to emphasize the development of intellectual skills. (CS)

The initiation of a national examination system in the People's Republic of China has had a marked impact upon educational policies. An historical overview of the Chinese educational system, the nature of the national examination, and implications of curricular change are used to support the assumption that curricular change can have profound…

A study describing the rapidly changing situation in China's higher education also investigated why higher education has suffered from a full 20 years of problems. The effects of constant changes in party line and the use of class struggle to achieve educational objectives are examined as they relate to administration, curriculum, faculty, and…

Traces the histories of rural education and rural technology in four countries. Suggests that the economic function of education is the transmission of technologically relevant skills, and that technologically appropriate curricula are a necessary part of economic development policy. 30 references. (SV)

China has a rich educational history dating back more than three thousand years, but women did not become part of the mainstream education system until the last sixty years. The Confucian ideology, which has been deeply rooted throughout Chinese history, confined females to an oppressed social status. Moreover, this historical ideology continues…

This comprehensive account of Chinese higher education during the modern period examines 100 years of the development of universities in China, with special emphasis on the cultural patterns that shaped them in ways that differed from the development of Western universities. The first chapter compares Chinese and Western traditions of higher…

Traditionally, the majority of high school graduates in China go to academic high schools; however, only about seven percent of them are able to go on to higher education, and some become unemployed. Beginning in 1980, reforms in the education system have created vocational high schools, which, unlike traditional vocational high schools, prepare…

Undergraduate and graduate enrollment trends in higher education institutions in mainland China since 1949 are reviewed, and training needs and imbalances by discipline are discussed. (MSE)

The Chinese conception of life's values is so different from that of western peoples that they have failed to develop modern technique and scientific knowledge. Now that they have come to see the value of these, rapid and fundamental changes are taking place. When modern scientific knowledge is added to the skill which the Chinese already have in…

Presented is an index to the contents of the magazine of China's Ministry of Education, "People's Education" ("Renmin Jiaoyu") from 1950 to 1958. These issues were selected for editing and translation because they cover the period immediately following establishment of the Peoples Republic to the Great Leap Forward. (Author/DB)

Examines Hong Kong's educational system following reversion to the jurisdiction of mainland China in 1997. Presents an overview of the education system, education and schooling in a post-colonial context, school curriculum reform, improving student assessment mechanisms, enhancing access and equity, improving teacher education and professionalism,…

In recent years, the thrust of reform in general education in China has been to implement the guiding principle of all-round development in morality, intelligence, health, and aesthetics; and to strengthen labor education in order to lay a solid foundation for the training of skilled personnel for socialist modernization. (IAH)