With the rapid development of digital technology, the current field of digital technology in vocational education around the world is ready to or has already entered the digital transformation stage. China, as an emerging force among developing countries, is diligently striving to catch up in this particular domain. As such, this study aspires for a cross-fertilization of ideas between China and international research. Furthermore, this study aims to ascertain the present state of affairs in this field and evaluate it in light of the demands for the digital transformation of vocational education. This Systematic Literature Mapping (SLM) focuses on three main areas of work. First, the quantitative trends of Chinese and international (here referring to countries other than China) research in the last decade are analyzed. Second, the theoretical framework based on the People-Process-Technology (PPT) theory is extended to provide a detailed current research theme analysis. Third, the Capability Maturity Model (CMM) is adapted, and relevant studies are assessed and coded for analysis based on this framework. The research finds that the number of current domestic and international studies in the field of the digitalization of vocational teaching has shown growth. The scope of the research focuses on two dimensions: the application of teaching modes and the construction of digital teaching environments. The maturity of domestic and foreign research is generally at the basic level. Researchers should seek innovation or optimize the application of research based on the scope and maturity of dimensions.