In China, the employment problem of higher education, social governance, and economic development is important. Exploring the employment mechanism and distribution of general colleges and universities can provide empirical evidence to the employment generating ability of colleges and universities and also suggestions for the development of regional talent policies. Based on the theories of growth, employment, and structural employment, this study analyzes the influence of macro- and micro-factors on the employment of science and engineering and economics and management graduates, adopting a multiple regression and structural equation model. Although employment of science and engineering and economics and management in general universities is affected by different macro- and micro-factors, the former has both direct and indirect effects on employment, which are stronger than the latter. The employment distribution of science and technology is highly correlated with regional gross domestic product, while the employment distribution of economics and management reflects regional stickiness.