Although efforts to combat illiteracy in the Arab world began several decades ago, the illiteracy rate in Arab countries is one of the highest in the world, as there are more than 70 million illiterate people in Arab countries. By contrast, many countries in the world have succeeded in eradicating adult illiteracy within a few decades. The study reviews the experiences of countries that have succeeded in eradicating adult illiteracy, such as the United States, Russia, China, North Korea, South Korea, Vietnam, India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan, Tibet, Nepal, Nigeria, Panama, Brazil, and Mexico, and the success factors of those countries in eradicating illiteracy, the strategies they followed in eradicating illiteracy, and the obstacles that prevent eradicating adult illiteracy and how Arab countries can benefit from the experiences of other countries in eradicating illiteracy.