Purpose: This article examines responses from the tutoring sector to Chinese national and local government regulations on private supplementary tutoring. It adds to the literature on policy enactment, showing the importance of context and noting the diversity of tutoring providers compared with schools. Design/Approach/Methods: The article draws…

The present paper focuses on the regulations on private supplementary tutoring, which in China is widely called "Xiaowai Peixun." Although much previous international literature has mostly focused on tutoring in academic subjects, tutoring in non-academic ones such as piano and painting has become popular in China and is also seen as…

This article explores the role of law in shaping the growth of private education, as a part of educational reforms in response to social change in the People's Republic of China (PRC) after the 1980s. This paper argues that law acts as a new social game rule, one used by the state to govern, regulate and promote new relations and interactions…