A growing body of research has documented the escalating popularity of religion among student populations in China's higher education settings. Despite the changes sustained by China's religious policies throughout the post-Mao era, the state has not abandoned its long-standing approach of cultivating citizenship through Marxist-Leninist-oriented…

The goal of this article is to examine how the provincial education media in China play a role of forging consensus among local actors responsible for the implementation of new centrally-promulgated youth socialization policy. In doing so, it also explores the tension among three of the Chinese state's claims to legitimacy: economic development,…

This study examines the patterns and interplay of college students' political orientations and socialization toward citizenship and civil society in the Chinese sociopolitical context, alongside China's move to mass higher education. Data were collected from a nationwide survey conducted in 12 Chinese universities in 2007. The analytic framework…

The focus of this article is on Hong Kong and mainland Chinese university student reactions, in two time periods, to national themes in education as part of state attempts to establish and maintain legitimacy. The author argues that among these reactions is one of resistance to the process of state hegemony. To make this point, the article builds…

The political socialization of Chinese youth is described. (DE)

The continued need for political socialization of Chinese youth is emphasized. (DE)

The impact of the cultural revolution on China's education system includes greater emphasis on politics, practical learning, the dignity of manual labor and more open educational opportunities. (DE)

Noting that, as a developing socialist society, China requires an educational system which develops in the individual both political loyalty and technical skill, the author surveys China's efforts, from 1949 to the present, to implement these two potentially conflicting educational objectives. (SJL)

There is no unemployment in mainland China, where the government uses work to control the lives of one-fourth of the world's population. From his 1978 trip, the author describes impressions of Chinese life and work in a still underdeveloped and largely unindustrialized country. (MF)

Since the 1950s, the politicization of Chinese education has reflected the Communist Party's macropolitical goal orientation. Because that orientation now is fixed on economic growth and modernization as the basis for political legitimacy, the current repoliticization of higher education is unlikely to intensify or generalize throughout the…

This paper reviews the history of early childhood education in China between 1949 and 1990. After the Communist revolution in 1949, China's educational policy was modeled after the Soviet Union's. Preschool pedagogy emphasized conditioning children's behavior and providing a comfortable environment for children. The number of nurseries and…

Traces the emergence and tenuous survival of social studies as a school subject in Hong Kong, 1971-present. Begun by the colonial government for political socialization purposes, social studies was reoriented to prepare students for their future as Chinese citizens. However, adoption of social studies and how it is taught has varied widely in Hong…

Mainland China's current education reform has three aims: to enhance and universalize compulsory education, to increase the number of schools and qualified teachers, and to develop vocational and technical education. The secondary education sector is composed of a 3-year junior high and 3-year senior high school, divided into general (academic)…

Describes impressions of Chinese education from an August 1978 visit and the changes in the educational system since 1949, when the communist party came to power, to increase political study, practical learning, and manual labor. Individual development is only a means to the goal of national growth. (MF)

The author describes how, since the youth disruptions of the "Gang of Four" era, the Chinese Communist Central Committee has more closely monitored moral behavior, promulgating a code of conduct for elementary and secondary students. The objectives of Chinese ideological and moral education and selected instructional procedures are…