The Ministry of Education Research Center for Online Education conducted a national survey of university administrators of learning and teaching. The survey results showed that: (a) the universities in eastern China had developed and introduced more massive open online courses (MOOCs) than those in the central and western regions; (b) of the…

We examined the results of a large-scale national survey of online secondary education in China. The online survey of 33,194 high school students and 5,667 teachers has provided comprehensive and representative data regarding the quality of online education and its implementation during the pandemic. Questionnaire surveys administered to students…

The sudden outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in China resulted in the sudden closure of schools, interrupting teaching plans. To prevent the virus from spreading across campuses and ensure the safety of teachers and students, China's Ministry of Education (MOE) closed all educational facilities. However, the MOE mandated that…

Purpose: In the domain of shadow education (private supplementary tutoring), Denmark and China may be placed at opposite ends of a spectrum. Denmark has a recently emerged, small, and high-cost sector that mostly serves low achievers, while China has a more industrialized sector with a long history and economies of scale. The paper juxtaposes the…

During the outbreak of COVID-19, many universities and schools have responded as quickly as possible and shifted the courses from off-line to online. However, with the explosion of online teaching and learning, there came growing questions and challenges for educational leaders, scholars, and educators. The current crisis has stimulated…