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Mendelson, Morton J.; Ferland, Mark B. – Child Development, 1982
Twenty-seven 4-month-old infants heard a repetitive auditory rhythm, then viewed silent film of puppet opening/closing its mouth, either in the familiar rhythm or a novel rhythm. Results showed infants exposed to the novel condition watched the film longer than infants shown the familiar condition, providing evidence for auditory-visual transfer…
Descriptors: Auditory Stimuli, Cognitive Processes, Discrimination Learning, Foreign Countries

Cooper, Thomas W. – Journal of Communication, 1981
Explores McLuhan's intellectual connection and indebtedness to his fellow Canadian Harold Innis. Contrasts their distinguishing characteristics and contributions to communications media theory. (PD)
Descriptors: Authors, Cognitive Processes, Communication (Thought Transfer), Communications
Bielak, Allison A. M.; Hultsch, David F.; Levy-Ajzenkopf, Judi; MacDonald, Stuart W. S.; Hunter, Michael A.; Strauss, Esther – International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 2007
We examined short-term changes in younger and older adults' control beliefs. Participants completed measures of general and memory-specific competence and locus of control on 10 bi-monthly occasions. At each occasion, participants rated their control beliefs prior to and following completion of a battery of cognitive tasks. Exposure to the set of…
Descriptors: Locus of Control, Cognitive Ability, Memory, Beliefs
Roth, Wolff-Michael – Mind, Culture, and Activity, 2007
Second-generation cultural-historical activity theory, which drew its inspiration from Leont'ev's work, constituted an advance over Vygotsky's first-generation theory by explicitly articulating the dialectical relation between individual and collective. As part of an effort to develop third-generation-historical activity theory, I propose in this…
Descriptors: Educational Theories, Ethnography, Motivation, Behavior Theories
Saylor, Megan M.; Baird, Jodie A.; Gallerani, Catherine – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2006
Children's observation of the given-new contract was tested with a task requiring children to provide novel, rather than known, information about an event to a listener. Study 1 revealed developmental differences in children's adherence to the contract: 4- and 5-year-olds showed better adherence to the contract than 3-year-olds. In Studies 2 and…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Age Differences, Individual Development, Cognitive Processes
Currie-Jedermann, Janice – 1981
To investigate the development of children's knowledge of the intension and extension of four natural concepts (cup, scissors, money, and musical instrument), three questions were explored in an experiment involving one-hundred-and-twenty 3-, 5-, and 7-year-old children (40 children for each age group). Extension was measured in a verbal labeling…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Concept Formation
Gordon, Christine J. – Reading-Canada-Lecture, 1987
Evaluates Heather Hemming's research project, "Reading as a Monitor in Writing" (this issue). Emphasizes the contribution this project makes to research methodology. Stresses Hemming's conclusion that the type of monitoring strategy used is not important, providing it is effective. (MM)
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Metacognition, Reading Research, Reading Writing Relationship

Morrison, Frederick J. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1982
To explore possible age differences, the first experiment assessed speed and maintenance of alertness in 5-year-olds, 8-year-olds, and adults. The second study tested the hypothesis that developmental variation in processing speed observed in some studies was attributable in part to age differences in alerting processes. (MP)
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Children, Cognitive Processes

Shultz, Thomas R. – Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development, 1982
A series of five experiments are reported which support the proposition that observers between three years of age and adulthood interpret physical causation primarily in terms of the concept of generative transmission rather than in terms of other well-known rules such as covariation, similarity, and temporal and spatial contiguity. (Author/MP)
Descriptors: Adults, Attribution Theory, Cognitive Processes, Elementary School Students

Hammermaster, Colleen S. – Alberta Journal of Educational Research, 1989
Finds that, among 214 Canadian college students, subjects with high test anxiety had significantly lower overall scores on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and experienced greater cognitive interference during the test than subjects with low test anxiety. Groups did not vary significantly, however, on individual WCST variables. (SV)
Descriptors: Attention, Cognitive Processes, Correlation, Foreign Countries

Watson, Jeanne C.; Rennie, David L. – Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1994
Eight clients participated in interpersonal process recall interviews to review therapy sessions in which they explored problematic reactions. Grounded theory analysis of reports resulted in model of cognitive-affective operations characterizing clients' internal processes during sessions. Model's main categories were client operations and session…
Descriptors: Client Characteristics (Human Services), Cognitive Processes, Foreign Countries, Qualitative Research

Brainerd, Charles J. – Psychological Review, 1981
The development of probability judgment is explained in terms of working memory, composed of four types of storage operations and three types of processing operations. Age changes in probability judgment were related to changes in frequency retrieval, which stem from changes in constraints on work-space capacity. (Author/RD)
Descriptors: Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Early Childhood Education, Foreign Countries
Beder, Hal; Tomkins, Jessica; Medina, Patsy; Riccioni, Regina; Deng, Weiling – National Center for the Study of Adult Learning and Literacy (NCSALL), 2006
This study is about engagement in adult literacy education. Engagement is mental effort focused on learning. It is important to understand how and why adult learners engage in literacy instruction because engagement is a precondition to learning progress. Researchers who study engagement conceive of it in different ways. Some focus on engagement…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Adult Learning, Literacy Education, Adult Literacy
Farris, Candace; Trofimovich, Pavel; Segalowitz, Norman; Gatbonton, Elizabeth – TESOL Quarterly: A Journal for Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages and of Standard English as a Second Dialect, 2008
This study investigated the effects of second language (L2) proficiency and task-induced cognitive workload on participants' speech production and retention of information in an environment designed to simulate the demands faced by pilots receiving instructions from air-traffic controllers. Three groups of 20 participants (one…
Descriptors: Engineering Education, Foreign Countries, Second Language Learning, Language Proficiency
Cossette-Ricard, Marcelle; Gouin Decarie, Therese – 1983
A series of studies focused on (1) the evolution of the notion of identity of objects among infants up to 15 months of age and (2) the changing rules by which this development may be understood. Six identity tasks were presented to 60 infants divided into five age groups: 5, 7, 9, 12, and 15 months. Two objects were used in all tasks. In the first…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Cognitive Development, Cognitive Processes, Concept Formation