Parents have the option of enrolling their children in the first stage of early childhood education (from 0 to 3 years of age). However, not all parents decide to do so, waiting until the second stage of early childhood education to enrol them in the education system (from 3 to 5 years of age), or even until compulsory education when their…

Background: Parents with intellectual disability, like all other parents, are embedded in networks of capability-enhancing and/or capability-inhibiting relationships. This study investigated links between how parents with intellectual disability experienced their upbringing, continuity and discontinuity in familial relationships, and their…

Maternal and paternal teaching sequences directed to their preschool children in a naturalistic home environment were investigated. The sample included 37 middle-class sibling dyads, aged four and six, and both their mothers and fathers during ongoing interactions in the home for six 90-minute sessions. Sequences of parent-child teaching were…

This study examined the longitudinal contribution of four different childcare arrangements attended during the preschool years to social behaviors and academic achievement up to age 15 years. Children participating in a Canadian longitudinal survey with available information on childcare attendance between ages 3 and 5 years (N = 6,852) were…

Despite 40 years of research indicating that parent involvement is important for student achievement, schools have done little to engage parents across Canada. This study and model recommend strategies to enhance the probability of educational involvement for parents who do not speak the school language. The mixed methods research with surveys (N…

This phenomenological study investigated the relationship between parenting and schooling for one parent whose home language was not the same as the language used in the school. The central question for this phenomenological inquiry was: What is it like to parent a child who is attending school in a language that differs from the home language?…

The purpose of this study was to describe adolescents' perceptions of parental influences on their smoking behavior. Thirty-five adolescents, 14 to 18 years old, provided narrative accounts of their smoking histories in semistructured interviews. Most of the participants recognized that their parents played an important role in shaping their…

Background: Bullying occurs largely at school. Given that the primary purpose of schools is to enhance student learning, it is important to examine the relationship between bullying and academic achievement. Purpose: A model of childhood bullying and school achievement using several family and school characteristics was developed. Sample: The…

This article focuses on the educational experiences of African-Canadian youth. Traditionally, researchers have tended to emphasize the poor academic performance of Black students, or issues and problems related to their academic failure, or to stereotype them as loud, lazy, criminal, athletic, deprived, dangerous, and deviant. In contrast, this…

This study investigated the unexpected effects of inclusion on the families of students with learning disabilities. A focus group interview was conducted with 13 parents who have children with learning disabilities. The children's ages ranged from 5 to 24 years. Findings are reported regarding participants' comments in response to two guiding…

Examined cognitive development in children adopted after at least eight months in a Romanian orphanage, and evaluated the influence of a stable adoptive family and home environment on their development. Found that subjects scored lower than comparison group of nonadopted, never institutionalized children on all cognitive measures, and on most…

Thirty-nine families were observed extensively at home when children were 2 1/2 and 4 1/2 years of age and again 2 years later. The Social Relations Model is used to investigate children's sex differences in aggression and parents' prohibiting aggression during sibling conflict. In the first observation period, boys engaged in more severe and mild…

This study examines the relationship between family environment and children's language ability. Language is examined on the basis of a model which specifies that the following characteristics of family environments influence language development most: quality of language usage of the mother, opportunities for the enlargement and use of vocabulary…

The use of the Internet in homes rivals the advent of the telephone, radio, or television in social significance. This book compiles findings from communication theorists and social scientists concerning the effects of the Internet on the lives of the family unit and its members. The book examines historical precedents of parental concern over…

In order to assess the effects of home backgrounds upon a child's performance in school, data were collected from 518 students and their mothers. Interviews with mothers covered topics such as: family background and parental expectations and aspirations; parental contact with the school; use of communication media; child management and personal…