The apprenticeship training system in British Columbia (BC) includes public post-secondary institutions, the Industry Training Authority (ITA), private training institutions, and employers. Currently, apprenticeship training is available in more than 100 trades, including 49 Interprovincial Red Seal trades. The majority of apprenticeship training…

Contributions from and innovation in science and technology over many decades have resulted in dramatic improvements to American lives, including enhanced living standards and life expectancy, better access to information and connectivity across the globe, and increased access to and affordability of consumer goods. The analysis in this report is…

Strong economic growth through much of the period since 2000 and demographic pressures such as workforce aging, have contributed to a robust demand for skilled tradespeople. Despite a decline following the economic recession in 2008 and 2009, new registrations in apprenticeship programs have increased nearly 200% since the 1990s. Apprenticeship…

Canada's knowledge-based economy--especially the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM)--continues to grow. Related changes in the economy, including shifts to globalized markets and an emphasis on innovation and technology, all mean that education is more and more an integral component of economic and social well-being.…

Using data from the 1989 Canadian Labour-Market Activity Survey, when occupation is treated as a productivity-related characteristic, gender wage gap estimates are distorted. Using a larger number of occupations, the occupational aggregation by gender reflects barriers women face in attempting to enter male-dominated occupations. (SK)

Considers explanations for the small number of women school administrators in Canada based on an "Equity through Understanding" approach and on an "Understanding Discrimination" approach. Finds a more plausible explanation in the linking of three concepts: role discrimination, access discrimination, and treatment…

Analysis of the 1973 Canadian Mobility Study revealed that the occupational status of Canadian female immigrants is lower than that of immigrant male workers and male and female native-born Canadians. However, considerable stratification exists within the foreign-born population: American and British immigrant women are less affected by the double…

This second annual report on employment equity in Canada in 1989 describes the representation of designated groups in the work force of employers covered by the Employment Equity Act and assesses the degree of change since last year's report. It is presented in both English and French. The following designated groups are examined: (1) women; (2)…

A profile of the socio-economic characteristics of the permanent residents of Canada holding an earned doctorate is presented. In 1973, there were 27,410 Canadian residents who had obtained an earned doctorate. (Holders of such professional doctoral degrees as Doctor of Medicine are excluded from this study.) Only 9 percent of the Ph.Ds were…

Although more women are entering positions of educational administration in Canada, men hold a greater variety of administrative positions than do women, and men occupy those positions in greater numbers. This paper presents findings of a study that examined the relationship between the selected educational administrative positions of principal,…

Statistics reveal that 61% of older Canadian women who are unattached to a male partner live in poverty. Two primary factors why women are especially vulnerable to poverty are their financially dependent status and their inequality in the work force. Even women who have worked outside the home are more vulnerable to poverty in old age than their…

Results of a survey assessing changing patterns of veterinary manpower distribution and supply are reported and analyzed. Data are given on job application and employment patterns, preferences, and geographic location. Income levels, geographic mobility, and type of employment are also reported. (MSE)

This first report of the Women's Bureau Careers Centre of the Ontario Department of Labour provides statistical data on the personal and social characteristics of the women who came to them as clients (women who wished to return to work), and discusses these clients and the Centre's program for them. Sections of the report are devoted to reasons…

Examines how changes in the structure of Canadian entry-level occupations between 1930 and 1980 have been reflected in changes in the distributions of task requirements. Findings indicate that the importance of formal education for occupational access has increased for both men and women. (FMW)

Based on the 1978 survey of the labor market experiences of 1976 university and college graduates in Canada in the two years after graduation, this report examines the relations and implications of the education-employment nexus for both male and female graduates. Following a review of the background, scope, objectives, audience, methodology…