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Gougeon, Thomas D.; Hutton, Susan I. – Human Resource Development Quarterly, 1993
A study of 19 public schools in Washington and 20 in Alberta found that more Canadian teachers perceive principals as using positive motivation in social control communication; more male teachers think principals use negative motivation to communicate expectations; and teachers perceive that more male principals communicate expectations from a…
Descriptors: Communication (Thought Transfer), Cultural Differences, Elementary Secondary Education, Expectation