Investigated effects of type of client problem and counselor gender on counseling response modes in novice counselors (N=31). Results indicated counselors used significantly more information responses on intrapersonal problems and more reflection responses on interpersonal problems. Found in general there was trend for male counselors to use more…

Used Cognitive Mapping Task (CMT) to perform in-depth content analysis of conceptualizations of two novice and two experienced counselors about change in counseling and about specific client problems. Analysis of CMTs suggests that novices in the study lacked the domain-specific schemata that may aid experienced counselors in efficiently…