This Manitoba (Canada) integrated language arts curriculum guide for grades 9 through 11 emphasizes the elements of the language process. At grade 9, the instructional emphasis is on the communication context--content, vehicle, and situation. At grade 10, the instructional emphasis is on audience and purpose, while the emphasis at grade 11 shifts…

The textbook for training bilingual education teachers addresses psychological and social questions that enable teachers to define more clearly what they want to do in a classroom, and offers theoretical and practical information for a variety of social contexts. The first section addresses individualism and the social nature of bilingualism, and…