California charges its own residents less to attend its public colleges and universities than it charges nonresidents. It charges resident students system-wide fees as well as mandatory, campus-based fees. These fees help support student services like counseling, health insurance, student union activities, student government, and recreation. California has sought to avoid charging resident students for the direct cost of instruction, which it charges as "tuition" to nonresident students. This paper answers the following questions: (1) Who are resident students?; (2) What does the University of California charge resident students?; (3) What does the California State University charge resident students?; and (4) How have charges for California residents changed over the years?