A large-scale evaluation was conducted of Jobs-First GAIN, a strongly employment-focused mandatory welfare-to-work program. Its main features were an unusually intensive program orientation; high quality job clubs; job development activities; strong encouragement to take entry-level jobs and combine work and welfare in the short-term; and relatively tough, enforcement-oriented case management. The research sample included 15,683 single parents and 5,048 members of 2-parent families. The net cost of Jobs-First GAIN was relatively low. These impacts for single parents were identified: Jobs-First GAIN led to substantial two-year increases in employment and earnings; modest reductions in welfare and Food Stamp receipts and large reductions in welfare and Food Stamp payments were produced; a small net increase in total income in year 2 was produced; use of child care increased, as did the incidence of child care problems that affected employment; the child outcomes examined showed no systematic effects; larger employment and earnings gains were achieved than with the county's previous, basic-education-focused program; many different types of welfare recipients were benefited; and costs were more than offset by savings in welfare payments and other types of assistance. Impacts for two-parent families were somewhat larger than for single-parent families. Two-year earnings gains increased for both men and women in two-parent families, with the average gain for men being nearly twice as large as women's. (YLB)