Re-employment experiences were analyzed for dislocated workers who used the services of the Employment Service (ES) during the 1980s under the Economic Dislocation and Worker Adjustment Assistance Act (EDWAA). Data came from administrative records in three states--Pennsylvania, California, and Missouri--noteworthy for differences in their administration of the work tests. Workers eligible for Unemployment Insurance (UI) were subject to taking the "work test," a job search requirement for individuals receiving UI or other benefits from government programs. As part of the work test, individuals were typically required to register with the ES. Pennsylvania did not apply the work test stringently during the period under study. In essence, dislocated workers who used the ES did so of their own volition at any time during their period of unemployment. In contrast, Missouri applied the work test strictly during the period under study. Dislocated workers who received UI were required to register with the agency at the start of a UI claim period. California's application of the work test fell somewhere between the other two states'. Results from the three states suggested that the ES was most effective when use of its services was at the discretion of the dislocated workers, that is, when the work test was not strictly enforced. A literature review of other empirical research on ES suggested that voluntary use of ES was associated with quicker reemployment among dislocated workers. (In addition to a 22-item bibliography, appendixes at the end of each chapter provide data tables and additional information from the states.) (YLB)