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Davenport, Jodi L.; Kao, Yvonne S.; Johannes, Kristen N.; Hornburg, Caroline Byrd; McNeil, Nicole M. – Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2023
A vast majority of elementary students struggle with the core, pre-algebraic concept of mathematical equivalence. The Improving Children's Understanding of Equivalence (ICUE) intervention integrates four research-based strategies to improve outcomes for second grade students: (1) introducing the equal sign before arithmetic, (2) nontraditional…
Descriptors: Mathematics Instruction, Mathematical Concepts, Difficulty Level, Arithmetic
Caswell, Lisa M. – ProQuest LLC, 2009
The purpose of this study was to determine the competence of beginning California K-6 teachers in basic algebra topics, and to investigate their level of math anxiety and attitudes toward math. The sample for this study was beginning California elementary teachers in the Bay Area of California. An algebra content assessment and a self-report…
Descriptors: Rating Scales, Beginning Teachers, Mathematics Anxiety, Algebra