This article identifies and provides some commentary on the key issues emerging from research into the digitisation of Indigenous materials in collections conducted in collaboration with three state libraries. It situates the research project within the broader context of related activity aimed at addressing the ongoing challenges of access, preservation and protection pertaining to Indigenous materials in libraries. It examines some of the practical issues that institutions have to engage with to respond to Indigenous needs and interests in the digitisation process. Some suggestions for future progress in the area are made. (Contains 16 notes.)