According to the 2016 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) report, Education at a glance, much of the learning at work takes place through employer-supported training. Both employers and employees recognise the benefits of such training because skilling the workforce can lead to better jobs, greater firm competitiveness, and higher national productivity. Therefore, a better understanding of the factors of supply and demand for employer-supported training can help address inequalities in access and participation, as well as direct incentives or subsidies to such training. This research summary draws out the main findings of research by Chandra Shah (Monash University and Victoria University), published in two key reports: (1) "Employer-Supported Training in Australia: Participation, Demand and Supply"; and (2) "Employers' Perspectives on Training: Three Industries." It focuses mainly on the first report in which Shah, using Australian data from the 2011-12 Survey of Adult Skills, investigates the factors of participation in training, and how these factors affect employees' demand for training and employers' willingness to provide training. [For related reports, see "Employer-Supported Training in Australia: Participation, Demand and Supply. NCVER Technical Report" (ED577689) and "Employers' Perspectives on Training: Three Industries. NCVER Research Report" (ED577694).]