Immersive virtual reality (VR) is anticipated to peak in development this decade bringing new opportunities for 3D multimodal designing across all levels of education. The need for students to gain capabilities with multimodal texts--texts that combine two or more modes, such as spoken, written, and visual--is emphasised at all levels of education…

The benefit of homework (HW) has been the subject of ongoing debate among various stakeholders. Within this debate, and in relation to teacher development, prospective teachers' views of HW have received limited attention. In this study, we survey primary pre-service teachers' ('PSTs') views of HW use (n = 45 teaching grades 2-5; n = 39 teaching…

The purpose of this study was to understand cultural differences and similarities in children's creative characteristics in Korea and Australia. In this cross-cultural research, the Integrative Creativity Test (K-ICT, [13]) with identified validity and reliability for measuring elementary school students' creative ability and creative personality,…

As part of a 3-year longitudinal study, 136 sixth-grade students completed an engineering-based problem on earthquakes involving integrated STEM learning. Students employed engineering design processes and STEM disciplinary knowledge to plan, sketch, then construct a building designed to withstand earthquake damage, taking into account a number of…

The acquisition of spelling skills in English presents, for a substantial number of children, a significant challenge. Spelling skills do not automatically transfer from reading skills, and while many teachers are aware of the need to develop a separate word study program to assist with spelling development, time and confidence factors often…

Middle years' teachers in primary schools are increasingly required to teach curriculum-specific subjects at a depth requiring considerable content and pedagogical knowledge, as well as a detailed understanding of the particular literacy requirements specific to each subject. Science teaching, in the latter years of primary schooling, is…

Compares attitudes of children toward the elderly in a cross-cultural study of children from the mainland United States (N=60), the Aleutian Islands (N=29), Australia (N=39), and Paraguay (N=69). Scores on Children's Attitudes Toward the Elderly (CATE) indicated children in Alaska, Paraguay, and Australia rated older people less positively. (JAC)

An initial study in teaching style was carried out among Tasmanian primary school teachers who responsed to a questionnaire regarding ten categories of teaching behaviors and attitudes drawn from research. A second study sampled 28 teachers and obtained achievement measures for their 574 pupils. Results of both studies are presented. (Author/MT)

The effect of free- versus no-talk conditions between target and peer subjects under vicarious reward conditions was examined. Data collected from fourth graders on an alphabet reproduction task showed that vicarious reinforcement effects occurred when verbal communication of reward enjoyment to nonreward subjects was possible. (Author/BW)

Speed of information processing was examined in relation to fluid and crystallized intelligence in sixth graders. Reaction time parameters (except slope) were negatively correlated with scores on intelligence tasks. Partial correlations failed to support any causal relationship between fluid and crystallized intelligence in either direction.…

Examines the effects and interactions of gender, pubertal status, and body weight on the self-concept of young adolescent Australian students. The mean self-concept score was significantly related to students' standard body weight, and there was an interaction between gender and puberty, with postpubertal males having the highest and…

The author discusses his cross cultural study of the painting styles of 9- to 12-year-old children in Australia, New Zealand, and South Korea. He compares their art products--all illustrations of the Noah's Ark story. A sample of the drawings illustrates the text. (SJL)

Examined how elementary students in three classes using different teaching strategies, presented with discrepant event problems in science, begin the problem-solving process by exploration of the problem space. Because of the constraints imposed by each teaching strategy, none of those used was considered entirely satisfactory. Appendix contains…

Thirty-six Australian students (grades 5-7) with reading difficulties were trained to cue themselves to the purpose of reading or to cue themselves in addition to underlining key words and phrases as they read. The combination of awareness of purpose and the employment of a self-regulated underlining strategy generated better reading…

It is apparent from current research and professional experience that body image has a strong social basis, but the form of such comparisons is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine likely forms of the social basis of adolescent body image. This study compares two approaches to the social basis of body image to ask to what extent…