The aim of this book is to examine the problem of child labor in various parts of the world: to make the phenomenon known, to analyze its causes, and to propose possible solutions. In Part I (by Elias Mendelievich), an introduction first outlines the problem. Chapter 2 examines pertinent international and national legislation and the International Labour Office's (ILO's) work in this area. Chapter 3 describes the extent of child labor, the types of employment relationship, and the dominant sectors of activity. Chapter 4 addresses working conditions and environment, and chapter 5 examines children's living conditions and the effects of labor on the child. Chapter 6 discusses problems of education and training, and chapter 7 makes recommendations for improving the working and living conditions of child workers and for eventually eliminating child labor. Part II (chapters 8 to 17) presents monographs dealing with aspects of child labor in 10 countries in Africa, Latin America, Asia, and Southern Europe (Argentina--Center for Labor Studies and Research; Greece--Theodora Papaflessa, Sofia Spiliotopoulos; India--K.D. Gangrade; Indonesia--F. Soeratno; Italy--Elias Mendelievich; Mexico--Graciela Bensusan; Nigeria-- Ben E. Ukpabi; Pakistan--Sabeeha Hafeez; Peru--Rene Rodriguez Heredia; Thailand--Benjamas Prachankhadee and Others.) Appendices contain ILO Convention (No. 138) concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment; Recommendation (No. 146) concerning Minimum Age for Admission to Employment; information received from governments of member states on implementing these international recommendations; a declaration concerning the International Year of the Child by ILO's Director-General; the International Labor Conference's resolution concerning the elimination of child labor; commentary on reproduced photographs; and suggestions for further reading. (RDN)