This comparative study examines patterns of inequality in participation in two different types of adult learning and education (ALE) -- job-related formal ALE (JFALE) and job-related non-formal ALE (JNFALE) -- as related to social origins at the micro-level and three categories of social inequality at the macro-level at the macro level (economic,…

The aim of this study was to examine the participation of adults in OECD countries in formal education and lifelong learning activities according to OECD Education at a Glance 2017 data. In the study, descriptive screening model was used as it was intended to enlighten and evaluate a situation. Document review was used to collect the data of the…

One of the recommendations of the Third International Congress on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) held in Shanghai in 2012 was to explore the possibility of developing international guidelines on quality assurance for the recognition of qualifications based on learning outcomes. Following this recommendation, UNESCO Bangkok…

This paper reports on phase one of a study to ascertain whether formal or nonformal education is more effective in accelerating the integration of women into development activities in developing countries. It is based on the premise that women need more and better credentials to gain social, economic, and political acceptance in less developed…

Devoted to the role of participation in nonformal education (NFE) activities in enhancing development, this issue consists of an article on participation in NFE activities, descriptions of participatory programs, an annotated bibliography on participation, and a review of various publications related to participation. The lead article, "Can…