In this mixed-methods explanatory sequential study, the researcher explored how primary teachers describe their experience with teacher autonomy and self-efficacy and examined how those two constructs relate to job satisfaction and to each other. Specifically, this study used K-2 novice and veteran teachers in public rural elementary schools in Alabama as the population. The researcher used three instruments to collect data on perceived levels of teacher autonomy, perceived levels of teacher self-efficacy, and job satisfaction. The quantitative questions answered the following: 1) How do perceived levels of teacher autonomy correlate with perceived levels of self-efficacy in teachers with varying years of experience? 2) How do levels of perceived autonomy and self-efficacy in teachers with varying years of experience predict job satisfaction? Answers to these two questions were found by calculating Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression. No significant correlation was found between autonomy and self-efficacy, and only self-efficacy predicted job satisfaction when controlling for autonomy and years of experience. The qualitative question was: How do K-2 novice and veteran teachers describe their experience with school autonomy and self-efficacy as related to their job satisfaction? This question was answered by collecting data through 10 semi-structured interviews and using open coding to generate categories and themes. The two overarching themes that emerged from the qualitative analysis were Efficacy and Autonomy at Work and Connections and Relationships. The quantitative and qualitative analyses were triangulated to explain multiple perspectives and explain the relationships between variables. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://bibliotheek.ehb.be:2222/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.]