The study presented in this article focuses on strategic planning in developing countries, drawing on the author's experiences in a dozen developing countries in Asia and Africa and focus groups in three of those countries: Afghanistan, Madagascar, and South Africa. It looks at the special challenges faced by planners in developing countries and…

This paper seeks to draw attention to examples of negative customary practice and obsolete traditions that thwart female access to education, female emancipation, and their ultimate empowerment. The information is organized in five sections. Sections 1 and 2 present an historical review of female education in Sub-Saharan Africa and the status of…

This paper examines ways to educate the 160 million children denied access to primary schools and the 960 million adults throughout the world still illiterate in 1990. It focuses on three especially marginalized groups: (1) girls and women, who make up the majority of unschooled and illiterate children and adults; (2) the children of ethnic…