This article provides a historical review of the FCS profession beginning with the Progressive Era and founder Ellen Swallows Richards. The review includes a summary of significant historical events and legislation, that reveal how the FCS profession addressed the needs of individuals, families, and communities from inception to the present. From…

Today, institutions of higher education enroll rural students, and specifically rural women, at rates lower than their urban counterparts (Flora et al., 2018). Additionally, the disciplines of teaching and home economics continue to dominate the curricular choices of rural women. As higher education scholars continue to explore these phenomena, a…

In the article the involvement of Federal government into adult education is analyzed; the nature and extent of legislative measures taken in order to improve the quality of adult education in the USA is investigated. [For the complete Volume 12 proceedings, see ED597979.]

A review of the history of competition and collaboration between agricultural education and cooperative extension identified the controversies and concerns of leaders after the passage of the Smith-Lever and Smith-Hughes Acts. Agricultural and cooperative extension leaders must look at the historical memoranda of understanding to find…

Before the Smith-Lever Act of 1914, agricultural schools begun in 11 Virginia congressional districts in 1908 performed a great deal of extension work, such as agricultural demonstrations, youth activities, and home economics programs. This helped pave the way for formal extension programs established by the legislation. (SK)

Examines the events leading up to the passage of the Smith-Lever Act. Reviews the formalization of early extension activities and relates the establishment of a formal relationship between federal, state, and county governments and the university to the creation of the Cooperative Extension Service. (Author/SK)

The extension role of Tuskegee Institute and the 16 black land grant colleges established by the Morrill Act of 1890 has been to diffuse among the non-university citizens of America useful and practical information on agriculture, home economics, and related areas. Tuskegee's extension efforts began in 1880 and flourished under the leadership of…

Traces the development of extension education from 1887 to the Smith-Lever Act of 1914. Focuses on the roles of U.S. Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Plant Industry and the Association of American Agricultural Colleges and Experiment Stations in fostering federal legislation that established the Cooperative Extension System. (SV)

The Morrill Land Grant Act (1862) granted public land to the states to establish agricultural and mechanical colleges. The land grant concept of bringing the services of the colleges to the farmers and mechanics was implemented by the Hatch Act (1887). Other important acts were the Second Morrill Act (1890), which gave monetary supplements to…

This publication is a source of basic information about the history and current workings of the land-grant university system. The first section briefly describes the nature of land grant universities as institutions that have been designated by state legislatures or Congress to receive the benefits of the Morrill Acts of 1862 and 1890. Their…

This bulletin represents the third of a 5-part survey of land-grant college education. Other parts are: (1) History and Educational Objectives of Land-Grant College Education; (2) The Liberal Arts and Sciences and Miscellaneous Subjects in Land-Grant Colleges; (4) Engineering and Mechanic Arts in Land-Grant Colleges; and (5) Home Economics in…

The land-grant colleges and universities in the United States are the result of a partnership of the States and the Federal Government. They represent an effort to provide a type of higher education within the reach of, and adapted to the needs of, the agricultural and industrial people of this country. They have played a very important part in…

During the past quarter of a century there have been rather continuous and persistent efforts for Federal aid to education. Twenty-one years ago the Congress of the United States enacted the Smith-Lever Agricultural Extension Act, and 3 years later it passed the Smith-Hughes Vocational Education Act. Under the Smith-Lever Act and subsequent…

Included in this bulletin are the statistical reports on student enrollments, the increase in teaching staff, military educational enrollments, and income of land grant colleges. The reports of the agricultural and mechanical colleges for the years 1918-19 and 1919-20 are indicative of marked material progress. (Contains 13 tables.) [Best copy…

Progress in home economics education has been marked in recent years. To the normal rapid increase in the number of high schools offering courses, the extension of systematic training in home making into the lower grades, the establishment of new courses in liberal arts colleges, and the more adequate support of departments previously organized…