A coalition led by the National Society for Promotion of Industrial Education gained passage of the Smith-Hughes Act in 1917, but natural antagonisms quickly dissolved it. The coalition included unions, manufacturers, professional educators, political parties, farmers' groups, and home economics groups. This diverse group's accomplishment is a…

This history of the Federal Board for Vocational Education, established in 1917, reviews controversies over its constitutionality and control of education; criticism of its director, Charles Prosser; its contributions to vocational education; and reasons it was abolished in 1946. (SK)

Traces the process by which nursing education obtained funds under the Smith-Hughes Act of 1917 and identifies the role of the Federal Board for Vocational Education in establishing the precedents that led to health occupations education as a part of vocational education. (SK)

Formal supervision of agricultural education teachers by state supervisors began with the 1917 Smith-Hughes Act. Supervision has evolved from the "iron fist" to the consultant. Some felt that supervisors usurped the role of teacher educators. By the end of the 20th century, supervision had devolved to local administrators and vocational…

The author describes the development of agricultural education as a profession during the early 20th century. Topics covered include (1) supply and demand of agriculture teachers, (2) typical teacher training programs, (3) minority teacher education, and (4) practice teaching. (CH)

The author analyzes manufacturers' involvement in the turn-of-the-century movement to include vocational education in the secondary school curriculum. He tests the "vocationalist" interpretation of this development and provides insights for current vocational education policy deliberations. (Author/CH)

The purpose of this compilation is to sketch the evolution of the field from vocational education to career-technical education throughout the 20th century in the United States. It includes information and excerpts from a variety of sources, including both original and foundational documents from the early 20th century and more recent histories…

The influence of industrial vocational education is having its effect upon practices and methods of commercial education. The practice of industrial education of analyzing a curriculum of subjects containing values of vocational work, related vocational, and non-vocational subjects is causing the examination of commercial education with a view to…

The study presented in this bulletin shows considerable variation in the subjects included in the curriculum set up for prospective teachers. There is, however, a growing tendency toward a common standard, and the two-year courses are coming to have many elements in common both as to subject matter and methods of procedure. For example, in many…

The educational survey has ceased to be a mere event or an occasional happening. It has been critically transformed into a permanent means of progress. Changes in the educational conditions of a given system are now to be expected not merely from the initiative and push within, but are actively sought for as the outcome of an objective and…

People in all walks of life have found it necessary to make adjustments to new occupational situations resulting from recent developments in science and technology. Although Negroes have shown exceptional capacity in the past to adopt the American social and economic order, they are finding it difficult to adjust themselves to the present modern…

By the Federal Land Grant Act of July 2, 1862, each State received a grant of land for the purpose of endowing at least one college of agriculture and mechanic arts. The second Morrill Act of 1890 provided for an annual appropriation to each State which was increased by the Nelson amendment of 1907. Since 1911 each State has received $50,000…

During the past quarter of a century there have been rather continuous and persistent efforts for Federal aid to education. Twenty-one years ago the Congress of the United States enacted the Smith-Lever Agricultural Extension Act, and 3 years later it passed the Smith-Hughes Vocational Education Act. Under the Smith-Lever Act and subsequent…

There has been so much written for publication in reports on the problems of education in the United States that it seems to be a work of supererogation for any educator to undertake to contribute anything new or important to the general knowledge possessed. This presentation, of necessity, on account of its limitations, is confined to…

Included in this bulletin are the statistical reports on student enrollments, the increase in teaching staff, military educational enrollments, and income of land grant colleges. The reports of the agricultural and mechanical colleges for the years 1918-19 and 1919-20 are indicative of marked material progress. (Contains 13 tables.) [Best copy…