A study assessed the role of program coordination in enhancing Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) program effectiveness and efficiency. Information was collected through a review of more than 100 reports on JTPA coordination, telephone interviews with staff from 60 JTPA coordination projects, and case studies of nine of the coordination projects. Results were reported in terms of major strategies of coordination, relative advantages and disadvantages of coordination, factors that are effective in enhancing coordination, barriers to coordination, and recommended actions to facilitate better coordination of programs. Some of the principal findings were as follows: (1) a wide diversity of coordination models and strategies exists; (2) the advantages of coordination (more than 14 identified) substantially outweigh the disadvantages; (3) disadvantages of coordination are relatively minor, with time and effort in planning and sustaining coordination cited as most significant disadvantages; (4) no single factor is essential to coordination, but a variety of factors promote successful coordination; and (5) agencies encounter administrative, legal, and other barriers to coordination. Recommendations were made to increase coordination at the federal, state, and local levels and to pass legislation as needed to implement the recommendations. (140 references) (KC)