In recent years, record numbers of undocumented and asylum-seeking families and children from Mexico and Northern Triangle countries--El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras--crossed the U.S. southwest border in search of safety and opportunity. Some cross undetected, without registering with immigration authorities and becoming "undocumented." Others apply for asylum at the border. Once inside the United States, all children, regardless of immigration status, have the right to a public K-12 education by federal law. Education leaders need unbiased information, data, and good practices so they can be ready to support the newcomers effectively once they enroll in school. RAND Corporation researchers sought to understand how the current increase in undocumented and asylum-seeking children may affect the K-12 school system in the coming years. To do this, the research team collected and analyzed a mix of quantitative and qualitative data and methods. The team reviewed federal and state policies for the education of undocumented and asylum-seeking children and conducted case studies of a school district in California and a school district in Louisiana. The findings can help state and local education officials, school districts, and school leaders address ongoing concerns and better prepare to assist this population in the coming years. [This brief describes work done in the full report "Educating Newcomers: K-12 Public Schooling for Undocumented and Asylum-Seeking Children in the United States" (ED615248).]