Purpose: This article examines the role social science has played in litigation involving public single-sex educational programs. It also explores a body of social science research related to gender and education that we believe could assist the courts and school leaders in better examining the possibilities and the limitations of single-sex…

This publication provides instructions for completing the State of Arizona's Consolidated State Application Accountability Workbook. The first part provides an overview of States' implementation of the critical elements required for approval of their State accountability systems. The second part presents the state's response and activities for…

In ruling on Title IX, lower federal courts have had to determine whether it affords a private cause of action for alleged violations in addition to the disciplinary procedure explicitly established under the Act. In Cannon v. University of Chicago the Supreme Court confronted this issue for the first time. (MLW)

Three approaches to establishing evaluation standards for coeducational physical education classes in accordance with Title IX are presented: use of separate standards for evaluating males and females; the use of improvement scores for evaluation; and the use of mastery learning. Strengths and limitations of each are identified. (JMF)

Title IX prohibits sex discrimination in educational institutions receiving any federal funds. Until 1988, college athletics were exempt from compliance. Examines the results of some recent court cases to see how the law was interpreted and concludes what schools should do to be proactive in the struggle for gender equity in collegiate sports. (72…

From all available data it appears that men's athletics have not been harmed by progress for women in sports, and that even a reduction in the scale of men's athletics as a result of Title IX is not justification for denying equality to women athletes. (Journal availability: New England Law Review, 154 Stuart St., Boston, MA 02116, $4.00.) (MSE)

Discusses a recent Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals decision that when individuals are allowed to try out for or join a team participating in a contact sport and operated for members of the other sex, then discrimination against because of their sex is prohibited by Title IX. (22 footnotes) (MLF)

The Title IX transition period for athletics and physical education ends on July 21, 1978. Three documents are included here to assist institutions in their efforts to implement Title IX: (1) a summary of the regulation as it affects athletics; (2) a news release and an option issued by the general counsel of the Department of Health, Education,…

Chapter 11 of a book on school law highlights the legal context of extracurricular activities in relationship to sex discrimination. First, the legal issues raised by Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 are examined. In general, this statute, with limited exceptions, requires that extracurricular activities be open to students without…

Argues that increased federal regulation in the name of accountability will diminish the quality and innovative capacity of higher education. Examines pending litigation that would automatically subject a college to federal regulation if its students accept federal aid and thus become "conduits" of federal assistance to the institution.…

Data from over 15,000 college coaching and administrative positions are analyzed. Results suggest that, consistent with Title IX, positions in women's athletics have increased. But, contrary to equal employment opportunity regulations, the probability of filling a vacancy is not equal across the sexes. (Author/SK)

Argues that the general language of the Title IX statute, together with certain specific features of it, strongly suggests that the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare should develop more stringent and demanding regulations based on social policy considerations concerning sex discrimination in intercollegiate sports. Available from Yale…

Title IX of the 1972 Education Amendments is the topic of these Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (DHEW) notices, which include both a proposed policy interpretation regarding intercollegiate athletic programs and a proposed amendment regarding federal regulation of school dress codes. The purpose of the first action is to ensure that…

Provides an overview of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, including its history; the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare regulations; compliance; enforcement; and litigation concerning Title IX. (IRT)