In "Rowinsky" the Fifth Circuit ruled that Title IX does not entitle a student to recover damages from a school district for peer sexual harassment. However, three federal district courts and the Eleventh Circuit have joined the trend of holding school districts liable. Follows the Eleventh Circuit's approach and advises school districts…

Ruling in "Franklin," the Supreme Court found in favor of a high school student who alleged that she had been subjected to sexual harassment in violation of Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972. Inquires about the nature and scope of damages available under Title IX. Concludes with policy considerations for administrators. (MLF)

A court decision allowing monetary damages for intentional violations of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 is seen as dramatically changing enforcement of the principal federal law against sex discrimination. Its treatment of sexual harassment is also considered. Implications for Title IX enforcement in colleges and universities are…

Recent court decisions and federal guidelines make it clear that school districts must take action to protect gay students. Eleven states have laws prohibiting discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation. Attorneys recommend defining sexual-orientation discrimination, along with other types of discrimination, in nondiscrimination policies,…

This paper sets out the legal grounds for sexual harassment claims in education settings, and notes a number of pertinent cases that are illustrative of common legal and factual issues. Sexual harassment, including sexual abuse, is prohibited by federal and state statutes. Sexual harassment in the context of employment constitutes employment…

The Supreme Court decision in "Davis" added a fiscal incentive to school districts to prevent peer sexual harassment by ruling that educational institutions that show deliberate indifference to known harassment between students may be liable for the resultant damages. (Contains 212 references.) (MLF)

Addresses the recent history and current status of the sexual harassment problem in colleges and universities, focusing on the harassment of students by their teachers or peers and whether and how students can hold universities liable. Develops a typology of Title IX sexual harassment claims and their variable contexts, considers implications for…

Discusses effects of Title IX. Argues that, at this point in time, females possess a significant advantage, on average, on most central indicators of educational outcomes. Addresses other factors such as sexual harassment and failure of educational outcomes to transfer immediately to changes beyond the classroom. (CAJ)

Developments concerning women's education and employment, legislation and court cases that affect women, and the latest model programs and resources are presented in this newsletter issue. Contents include: an editorial on progress made toward educational equity for women since the enactment of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972; five…

Examines seven federal court opinions that determined whether an educational institution can be held liable under Title IX for student-to-student sexual harassment that occurs on the institution's property or in connection with school activities. (82 footnotes) (MLF)

Examines current law on sexual harassment as it applies to higher education, asking what colleges/universities should be doing to review and update policies and procedures, and noting that while sexual harassment is a form of sex discrimination, not all harassing conduct is necessarily discriminatory. Law and campus harassment policies must…

This document discusses the developing law of sexual harassment. Sexual harassment is discussed not only in the school environment, but also in the workplace. Two legally recognized forms of sexual harassment are described: (1) quid pro quo, or demanding sexual favors in exchange for grades, raises, promotions; and (2) the hostile environment…

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 is the principal federal law which prohibits sex discriminaton in education. This monograph sets forth the extent of Title IX's coverage by subject area, describes the obligations of covered institutions, and explains how victims of discrimination can enforce their Title IX right. While dealing with…

Discusses legal aspects of sexual harassment in educational settings: definitions, the central issue of impact on the educational environment, questions about consensual sexual relationships, the concept of welcomeness, rights of the accused, issues of academic freedom, and successful defenses. Overviews relevant legislation, court cases,…

Building an effective classroom for all boys and girls is the first step in increasing student achievement. This curriculum guide is a collection of practical tools for teachers and fun activities for kindergarten through twelfth-grade students, developed to help all students to succeed in the classroom. The curriculum is designed to be used…