It is clear that women have made progress in advancing into the ranks of school administration since the passage of Title IX, and equally clear that they have not achieved parity with men. Recognizing the problems posed by the absence of reliable, comparative data, and considering the need for longitudinal studies to be able to address the…

Data from 43 large urban school districts are used to examine the progress women have made in securing line administrative positions since the passage of Title IX 20 years ago. Women have made substantial progress and are drawing near to 50% of such positions in urban, although not rural or suburban, districts. (SLD)

Responding to compelling evidence of gender inequity and a systematic campaign of political pressure to redress these inequities, Congress passed Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. 1681) prohibiting sex discrimination in all aspects of education in institutions receiving federal financial assistance. At the time Title IX was…