Data are presented on women in higher education, along with information on federal legislation to eliminate sex discrimination, issues concerning redressing employment discrimination, specific problems with legislative procedures and enforcement of legislation, and case studies that highlight some of the processes involved. Evidence is cited that…

This paper is about a court case decided by the U. S. Supreme Court in 1971. Although attorneys recognize that the case is important to businesses, its impact on colleges and universities has been explored by only a few. As this paper will show, "Griggs v. Duke Power" may have enormously boosted the number of students in college and may…

Reviews issues and administrative regulations pertaining to affirmative action under Executive Orders 11246 and 11375, extension of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to academic and professional employment, and the Higher Education Ammendments of 1972 extending provisions of the Equal Pay Act of 1963. (JT)

How Title VII of the Civil Rights Act litigation has affected universities is reviewed. The applicability of statistical evidence in university Title VII actions and the different uses courts have made of such evidence are discussed. (MLW)

Sex-based employment discrimination claims against colleges and universities are examined. It is suggested that most judicial opinions have construed and applied the federal laws in a manner inconsistent with Congress' articulated desire to promote equal employment opportunity. (Available from: Vanderbilt Law Review, Vanderbilt University,…

The class action for back pay has developed as a significant factor in employment discrimination litigation under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Problems of demonstrating each class member's entitlement are examined and a bifurcated trial procedure is proposed as a method for handling such cases. (JT)

Outlined are key provisions, relevant to education, of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Equal Pay Act of 1963. Administrative guidelines to insure compliance are presented, as well as preventive measures that reduce vulnerability to charges of discrimination in hiring, promotion, and compensation. (IAH)

The impact of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 on seniority and the treatment of employment discrimination under the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 are examined. It is argued that in the area of seniority the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) has a new role to play in avoiding conflicts between the two acts. (JT)

Argues the legality of Executive Order 11246, which requires affirmative action in employment, holding that Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a legal basis and that there is no evidence that affirmative action has led to hiring unqualified blacks and females. (JT)

The Supreme Court determined that Title VII of the Civil Rights Act provided an exception for religious organizations from the prohibition against religious discrimination. However, the opinion does not address the issue of religiously oriented educational institutions. Two recent cases involving Marquette University in the Seventh Circuit are…

Increased litigation in areas of indirect discrimination in higher education is expected. Indirect discrimination may manifest itself in an institution's failure to promote or grant tenure, its transfer of personnel, changes in the nature of assignments, harassment of faculty members, or other actions that ultimately cause the employee to resign.…

A Supreme Court decision involving employees discharged by Mormon Church-owned corporations because they did not satisfy religious requirements was based on a Title VII statutory exemption permitting discrimination. The decision protects religious organizations that consider religious compatibility in employment relations. Caution in expanding…

The purposes of this paper are to: (1) discuss the historical development of women in higher education; (2) describe the implementation of federal policies for women; (3) focus on selected problems encountered by women in the work-place; and (4) offer recommendations and suggestions for eliminating some of the problems that women encounter. The…

Argues that enforcement of Title VII in academic institutions has been hampered by protection of the confidentiality of the peer review process, and that in a Title VII case it is important to expose the substance of the peer-review process because such evidence may provide a manifestation of biases in the litigated employment decision. (MLF)

Traces the history of laws and litigation concerning pay equity issues, also referred to as wage equity and comparable worth. Suggests that universities and colleges identify possible problems and take voluntary corrective measures before pay-equity problems arise. (MLF)