Under Federal law, State and local educational agencies (hereinafter "districts") are required to provide all children with equal access to public education at the elementary and secondary level. Thie Dear Colleague letter was written to remind school districts of the Federal obligation to provide equal educational opportunities to all…

An extensive literature debates the causes and consequences of the desegregation of American schools in the twentieth century. Despite the social importance of desegregation and the magnitude of the literature, we have lacked a comprehensive accounting of the basic facts of school desegregation. This paper uses newly assembled data to document…

In a two year period the Congress enacted a series of laws which had a profound effect on the Negro revolution. Discussed in this document are the cases which were brought to the Supreme Court to either challenge the constitutionality of these laws or to appeal for reversal of lower court decisions on the basis of the laws. Cited are cases based…

Attempts to clarify the application of rules against employment discrimination by examining the nature of the seniority system and examining the theory and mechanism of federal court and administrative agency remedies. Reviews recent problems that have tested these remedies, focusing on layoffs and liability-minimizing initiatives open to…

Surveys the objectives of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the court decisions and complex administrative regulations which have followed from it, focusing on the cases of Griggs vs. Duke Power Co., Johnson vs. Pike Corp. of America, and Long vs. Ford Motor Co. (JM)

Examines the court transformation of civil rights from equal opportunity and nondiscrimination to racial/gender/ethnic proportional representation. It analyzes the implications for justice and equality and suggests that it is time to restore the moral ideals of the civil rights coalition of 1964. (GR)

MAARDAC (Mid-Atlantic/Appalachian Race Desegregation Assistance Center), located at the University of Tennessee (Knoxville), is federally funded (Title IV of Civil Rights Act of 1964) to help local education agencies in Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee solve problems connected with school desegregation. (LC)

This document traces the evolution of federal protection of the educational rights of language-minority students, beginning with the enactment of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the first steps of the (then) Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW) to ensure local school district compliance through its Office of Civil Rights…

Until recently the federal courts (Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka) and Congressional action (Civil Rights Act of 1964, Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972) have spurred efforts to bring race and sex equity to the schools. (LC)

The report's facts and conclusions come from the eight major studies of Southern school desegregation completed by the Commission between 1959 and September 1969, the Commission's 1968 hearing in Montgomery, Alabama, the hundreds of complaints received involving school desegregation (which are completely listed in Appendix B), and data supplied by…

This book defines the relationship between higher education corporations and their various constituencies: federal, state and local governments; employees; and students. The first chapter, "Higher Education Law," details the legal background. The second chapter, "Intergovernmental Relations," discusses litigation which defined…