In the Bible, the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse are said to usher in the end of the world. That is why, in 1964, Judge Ben Cameron gave four of his fellow judges on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit the derisive nickname "the Fifth Circuit Four"--because they were ending the segregationist world of the Deep…

Polling data routinely indicate broad support for the concept of diverse schools, but integration initiatives--both racial and socioeconomic--regularly encounter significant opposition. We leverage a nationally representative survey experiment to provide novel evidence on public support for integration initiatives. Specifically, we present…

Suburban schools have traditionally remained homogenous enclaves for White middle class families. On the surface, these racially integrated spaces reflect the dream of Brown v. Board of Education--to have students of all races learning and developing together. A closer look at these racially mixed environments unveils the systemic problems…

The Brown decision is examined in light of the changing racial attitudes during the 1930s and 1940s. The effects, both positive and negative, of the decision are also discussed with emphasis on the continuing fight to bring about equal opportunity. (MC)

The social changes resulting from the Brown decision are reviewed, showing the progress that has been made toward equality for Blacks. Areas where Blacks remain at a disadvantage as compared to Whites are examined. (MC)

Examines the intentions and results of school desegregation since Brown v Board of Education. Concludes that desegregation has had a greater impact on the White population than on the Black population, and that the self-concepts of both racial populations have benefitted. (FMW)