Background: Formative assessments are needed to enable monitoring how student knowledge develops throughout a unit. Constructed response items which require learners to formulate their own free-text responses are well suited for testing their active knowledge. However, assessing such constructed responses in an automated fashion is a complex task…

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using AI-assisted game-based learning on science learning outcomes, intrinsic motivation, cognitive load, and learning behavior. A total of 202 seventh graders were recruited and randomly assigned to the following three groups: (1) Game only (N = 70), (2) GameGPT (N = 63), and (3)…

Anthropogenic climate change is a scientific fact, but U.S. public discourse around the issue remains mired in controversy, including in education. Our study leverages natural language processing methods to give a precise look into the extent to which climate change-related topics are covered in 30 of the most widely used high school history…

Background/purpose: ChatGPT has become one of the groundbreaking examples of artificial intelligence-based chatbots with its capacity to produce texts and engage in human-like conversations. Therefore, it has garnered the attention of people with diverse backgrounds, including educational professionals. The current study aims to investigate how…

Recent developments in technology have accelerated the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) on our lives. The National Literacy Trust is interested in exploring how such platforms might influence, and potentially redefine, what it means to be literate in the digital age. Based on data from more than 50,000 children and young people taking…

ChatGPT, an AI-powered service known for its effective delivery of information and solutions, has the potential to transform education, scientific problem-solving, and student learning. However, to fully harness its advantages, understanding the pedagogical approach needed is essential. This study explores teachers' awareness of ChatGPT and the…

Background: The widespread use of information and communication technology (ICT) has led to significant changes in societal aspects, resulting in the emergence of a "knowledge society." However, students and teachers have faced challenges in adapting to this digitalization. In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), transitioning to a…

Differentiated instruction is much demanded yet quite challenging in face of the growing student diversity in today's K-12 classrooms. One major challenge is the provision of differentiated materials to students. Automated text simplification (ATS) tools fueled by natural language processing may serve as a useful assistant for teachers. However,…

Frames--defined as mental structures built through language and symbols that categorize our thoughts and experiences--have a significant impact on partnerships, shaping how participants understand the nature of the collaboration. While scholars have explored how teachers might frame engagement partnerships for university students and…

Game-based learning environments are designed to provide effective and engaging learning experiences for students. Predictive student models use trace data extracted from students' in-game learning behaviors to unobtrusively generate early assessments of student knowledge and skills, equipping game-based learning environments with the capacity to…

The purpose of this dissertation was to scrutinize the complexities involved in the formulation and implementation of relevant policies. The design of each study mirrored key elements in the legislative life cycle specifically as it pertained to civics education policymaking, including problem identification, policy creation, and policy diffusion.…

In this work, we explore the use of digital technologies and statistical analysis to monitor how Italian secondary school students' writing changes over time and how comparisons can be made across different high school types. We analyzed more than 2,000 exam essays written by Italian high school students over 13 years and in five different school…

This study explores using transfer learning in machine learning for natural language processing (NLP) to create generic automated essay scoring (AES) models, providing instant online scoring for statewide writing assessments in K-12 education. The goal is to develop an instant online scorer that is generalizable to any prompt, addressing the…

Educational technology plays an increasingly significant role in supporting Self-Regulated Learning (SRL), while the importance of Adaptive Learning Technology (ALT) grows due to its ability to provide personalized support for learners. Despite recognizing the potential of ALT to be influential in SRL, effectively addressing pedagogical concerns…

Background: Phonological processing skills have been found to contribute to spelling development across different orthographies; however, less is known about the role of orthographic knowledge. This longitudinal study explores the contribution of phonological and orthographic knowledge to spelling development in a semi-transparent orthography…