Economic development calls for the modernization of high-school education, which is hindered by the inertia of the current hierarchical system of schooling. An analysis of statistical data that describe the dynamics of structural changes in the economy and investment in public education showed a demand for the implementation of extracurricular…

This research investigates the influence of the whole school approach (WSA) on the education for sustainable development (ESD) practices of teachers in Japan. We focus on understanding how school organizations that facilitate WSA influence teachers' ESD practices in a multifaceted and hierarchical manner. The multilevel analysis, which targeted…