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Direct linkFrankema, Ewout – Social Indicators Research, 2008
The present paper introduces a new indicator of educational inequality, the grade distribution ratio (GDR), focusing on levels of grade repetition and drop out rates in primary and secondary education. The indicator is specifically suitable to evaluate the distributive implications of expanding educational systems in developing countries. A…
Descriptors: Equal Education, Grade Repetition, Foreign Countries, Developing Nations
Birdsall, Nancy; Levine, Ruth; Ibrahim, Amina – European Journal of Education, 2005
The UN Millennium Project Task Force on Education and Gender Equality, an expert advisory group commissioned by the UN Secretary-General, was asked to examine how dramatic improvements in education can be achieved in the developing world. The task force investigated the problems of low enrolment, early drop-out and poor learning outcomes that so…
Descriptors: Primary Education, Developing Nations, Equal Education, Enrollment Rate
