This article presents the regulation on "Raudhatul Athfal" (RA) as an early childhood educational institution equivalent to kindergarten but has special Islamic characteristics developed by the Ministry of Religious Affairs in formal education for children aged 4 (four) to 6 (six). This study used a descriptive qualitative method with…

This study aimed to describe the application of Area Instruction Model on one of the state kindergarten in Bandung city. The study used a qualitative approach with descriptive qualitative design. Data was obtained through interviews, observation, and documentation. The validity of the analysis was guaranteed through perseverance observation and…

Many studies have been conducted to investigate teachers' knowledge and beliefs and they confirmed that knowledge and beliefs are an influential factor in teachers' decision making in the classroom. However, little research has been undertaken to investigate how teachers' knowledge and beliefs in influence the implementation of language policy.…

It is generally agreed that spending on education and health is key to poverty reduction, but simply allocating more resources to these sectors does not ensure that poverty actually declines. On the basis of four in-depth case studies (on Indonesia, Madagascar, Peru and Tanzania) and three Technical Papers on malnutrition and primary education in…