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Castilla-Earls, Anny; Francis, David; Iglesias, Aquiles; Davidson, Kevin – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2019
Purpose: The general aim of this study is to enhance our understanding of the patterns of language growth in Spanish and English during the school years. In this study, we used a longitudinal retrospective approach to explore the growth of the percentage of grammatical utterances (PGU) in both Spanish and English in 2 groups of English learners…
Descriptors: Spanish Speaking, English Language Learners, Bilingual Education, Kindergarten
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Wood, Carla; Hoge, Rachel; Schatschneider, Christopher; Castilla-Earls, Anny – International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism, 2021
This study examines the response patterns of 288 Spanish-English dual language learners on a standardized test of receptive Spanish vocabulary. Investigators analyzed responses to 54 items on the "Test de Vocabulario en Imagenes" (TVIP) [Dunn, L. M., D. E. Lugo, E. R. Padilla, and L. M. Dunn. 1986. "Test de Vocabulario en Imganes…
Descriptors: Predictor Variables, Phonology, Item Analysis, Spanish