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Is It Worthy to Take Account of the "Guessing" in the Performance of the Raven Test? Calling for the Principle of Parsimony for Test Validation
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Lúcio, Patrícia Silva; Vandekerckhove, Joachim; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.; Cogo-Moreira, Hugo – Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 2021
The present study compares the fit of two- and three-parameter logistic (2PL and 3PL) models of item response theory in the performance of preschool children on the Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices. The test of Raven is widely used for evaluating nonverbal intelligence of factor g. Studies comparing models with real data are scarce on the…
Descriptors: Guessing (Tests), Item Response Theory, Test Validity, Preschool Children
Did She Jump Because She Was the Big Sister or Because the Trampoline Was Safe? Causal Inference and the Development of Social Attribution
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Seiver, Elizabeth; Gopnik, Alison; Goodman, Noah D. – Child Development, 2013
Children rely on both evidence and prior knowledge to make physical causal inferences; this study explores whether they make attributions about others' behavior in the same manner. A total of one hundred and fifty-nine 4- and 6-year-olds saw 2 dolls interacting with 2 activities, and explained the dolls' actions. In the person condition, each doll…
Descriptors: Inferences, Prior Learning, Attribution Theory, Toys