Understanding when it is appropriate to make causal inferences from a statistical result is a fundamental skill for science literacy. Prior research has concentrated on erroneous causal judgments about observational studies, but there is little research on whether people understand that experiments provide stronger justification for causal claims.…

Are you a graduate student in an applied psychology, mental health, or education program? Are you learning to apply your field's theories and methods in practice while anticipating conducting a final research or scholarly project? Or are you a faculty member advising, mentoring, and chairing dissertations or theses? This guide is for you.…

Doctoral qualifying exams are considered essential in assessing a student's readiness for research and advanced studies. Despite their significant role in many physics programs, questions have been raised about their format, execution, and relevance. Our research investigates perceptions held by faculty members regarding the graduate doctoral…

This study focuses on the perceived gap between the required and actual level of digital research skills (DRS) of students entering tertiary science education. By combining existing frameworks for research skills and digital literacy skills, a guiding framework of DRS was constructed. The DRS framework incorporates seven categories and is…

Promoting research knowledge and skills (RKS) is an important task of teacher training programmes. One way of fostering RKS is through research-based learning (RBL). However, student teachers often struggle with the acquisition of RKS and do not benefit from RBL like students of other study programmes. This paper suggests e-learning as one part of…

Design science research (DSR) produces knowledge via the design and evaluation of innovative solutions to real-world problems. DSR provides an improved understanding of how and why the solutions work. While DSR is being widely embraced in many research disciplines, its educational pedagogy so far remains immature with little guidance on how best…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difficulties pre-service teachers experience in conducting and writing research projects. A concurrent mixed research design was utilized to identify the primary difficulties. To collect the data, the study employed a questionnaire and document analysis. A closed-end questionnaire was administered…

Little is known concerning chemistry and biochemistry majors' understanding of research and scientific inquiry. In this three-year qualitative research study, chemistry and biochemistry majors were interviewed before and after participating in a National Science Foundation-sponsored Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) program at a…

This paper explores the experiences of educators in Australia with doctoral qualifications and how they perceive their knowledge and research skills to be valued and leveraged as legitimate funds of knowledge in school environments. Findings from an online survey and four semi-structured interviews provoke further consideration of how teachers'…

Threshold concepts are transformative elements of domain knowledge that enable those who attain them to engage domain tasks in a more sophisticated way. Existing research tends to focus on the identification of threshold concepts within undergraduate curricula as challenging concepts that prevent attainment of subsequent content until mastered.…

The internationalization of Chinese higher education glimmers the hope for globalization and opened the doors for countries to exchange academics treasures and cultural exchange. The euphonious and mellifluous agenda behind the internationalization led the nations towards the silver lining of collaboration, interaction, and human resources…

There is a growing body of research that suggests better course outcomes for instructors that incorporate active learning into their curriculum. Laboratory exercises can be used to promote active learning. The objective of this study was to develop and assess the efficacy of a gluten-free bread laboratory exercise for an undergraduate course…

This study examined and compared the effects of two types of online peer assessment, namely, "free selection and invitation" (FS&I) assessment and the commonly implemented "assigned-pair" (AP) assessment, on undergraduates' research competencies, flow, motivation, and interaction, supported by the Cloud Classroom online…

Effective environmental education can contribute to the preservation of the natural world. It is difficult to give effective environmental education to students who are passive in the lessons. The traditional method of teaching boring too many students, which results in passive learning. Project-Based Learning (PjBL) presents students with a more…

Practical training is important for community college students to gain high-impact real-world experience. This study aims to evaluate the impact of practical training of remote internships of community college and two-year associate degree students on spatiotemporal GIS learning during the pandemic. Anonymous pre- and post-internship surveys and…