This study aimed to investigate the influences instructional coaching had on middle school math teachers. Accountability demands have impacted teaching and learning, and the push to use high stakes tests to measure teacher quality and effectiveness has limited teacher autonomy, agency, and efficacy. Teachers need professional learning that…

U.S. Department of Education research indicates that early warning indicator systems are being used in at least half of high schools in the United States. Previous findings from an efficacy study of one early warning indicator and response system, the Early Warning Indicator (EWI) team model, indicated that ninth grade students in schools using…

This study examined the effectiveness of an eight-week Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol (SIOP) coaching cycle on improving instructional strategies for English Learners (ELs) in seventh-grade classrooms. The goal was to enhance the literacy performance of ELs by 15% on the LAS Links literacy subtest. The coaching cycle aimed to integrate…

Secondary teachers benefit from ongoing coaching to support their implementation of evidence-based literacy practices across content areas. However, several factors may facilitate or impede literacy coaching at the secondary level. We conducted an exploratory survey study to investigate 141 middle school teachers' and 64 instructional coaches'…

Seaford School District has allocated significant resources and launched multiple initiatives to increase the achievement of Seaford Middle School mathematics students. These included adopting high quality instructional materials, hiring a school-based mathematics coach, purchasing curriculum materials, ensuring collaborative grade level planning…

Science Olympiad (SO) is a team-oriented STEM competition that offers students the opportunity to participate in a wide range of STEM topics attracting students with varying STEM interests. This hermeneutic phenomenological cross-case study explored the experiences of 12 SO coaches with experience coaching middle school and/or high school teams.…

This study explored an emerging practice, online video coaching, which builds on the affordances of digital technology to allow coaches to work with geographically distant teachers. Content-focused mathematics coaching has proven successful in a face-to-face environment because of its personalized nature, long-term sustainability, and the…

The purpose of this paper is to describe teacher outcomes from participating in an intensive science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) professional learning (PL) initiative for middle school science teachers in the United States. The initiative included intensive summer coursework and ongoing support (e.g., individual coaching,…

This research study focuses on providing professional development for teachers using virtual reality in secondary social studies classrooms. Literature surrounding virtual reality for education focuses on the effects of virtual reality on student motivation and engagement. However, there are no current studies available to help instructional…

This action research investigates the perceptions of teachers regarding the supports provided by instructional coaches within the context of Dan Alko Middle School. Recognizing that effective instructional coaching is crucial for teacher development, the study explores the challenges coaches face, including teacher resistance to change, scheduling…

This study examined how the introduction of a feedback scaffold to a video analysis platform improved the quality and focus of history teachers' and novice coaches' comments. We found that coaches' feedback to teachers became more timely, focused, specific, actionable, and direct and that teachers increased their attention to the features of…

This study examined how mathematics coaches leverage written annotations to support professional discourse with teachers about important classroom events during synchronous debriefing conversations. Coaches and teachers created the annotations while asynchronously watching video of an implemented lesson as part of online video-assisted coaching…

Minimum discriminant information adjustment (MDIA), an approach to weighting samples to conform to known population information, provides a generalization of raking and poststratification. In the case of simple random sampling with replacement with uniform sampling weights, large-sample properties are available for MDIA estimates of population…

We share results of a study on the analytic stances of coaches' and teachers' as they annotated key moments from classroom video of the teacher's lessons. In the analysis, emphasis was on the analytic stances of the coaches and how their annotations related to trends in teachers' annotations. Findings indicate differences in how coaches and…

Instructional coaching is steadily becoming a staple in schools everywhere. In elementary schools, coaches are often organized by content or grade level coaching programs. While research continues to show that instructional coaches positively support teachers, research does not address the structure behind coaching programs. This mixed-methods…