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Download full textClotfelter, Charles T.; Ladd, Helen F.; Vigdor, Jacob L. – Society for Research on Educational Effectiveness, 2014
In 2008, the California State Board of Education voted to require all students to enroll in algebra by 8th grade. This policy initiative, yet to be actually implemented, represents the culmination of a decades-long movement toward offering algebra instruction before the traditional high school years. Nationally, the proportion of 8th grade…
Descriptors: Algebra, Board of Education Policy, Required Courses, Middle Schools
Carolan, Tracy – North American Chapter of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, 2014
PISA 2012 results indicate that school systems that group students based on ability levels tend to have lower performance than those that do not divide students by ability. One way some in the United States have sought to increase equity of opportunity is to mandate enrollment of students in college-preparatory mathematics, i.e., Algebra 1 in…
Descriptors: Equal Education, Required Courses, College Preparation, College Mathematics
Baker, Richard Allen, Jr. – Online Submission, 2011
The purpose of this study was to examine the policy implications allowing administrators to exempt a student from required arts instruction if the student obtained unsatisfactory scores on the high-stake state mandated tests in English and mathematics. This study examined English language arts and math test scores for 37,222 eighth grade students…
Descriptors: Visual Arts, Music Education, Poverty, Educational Assessment
Direct linkRichard Allen Baker Jr. – ProQuest LLC, 2011
The purpose of this study was to examine the policy implications allowing administrators to exempt a student from required arts instruction if the student obtained unsatisfactory scores on the high-stake state mandated tests in English and mathematics. This study examined English language arts and math test scores for 37,222 eighth grade students…
Descriptors: Visual Arts, Music Education, Poverty, Educational Assessment
