Recent research on second language and subject-matter learning calls for moving away from hegemonic monolingual education in U.S. schools and instead making "translanguaging" the norm by supporting bi/multilingual students to use their full linguistic repertoires as they participate in classroom learning (Garcia, Johnson, & Seltzer,…

Throughout our targeted approach of explicit collaborative translation during small-group reading instruction in a bilingual education classroom, fourth grade emergent bilinguals employed the strategy to comprehend narrative text in a range of ways, similar to middle school students in reading instruction research. As students acknowledged the…