This qualitative research aimed to explore high school students' opinions on the effectiveness of using the mind map method asa note-taking, thinking, and learning tool. The study involved 80 students from 9th, 11th, and 12th grades who were introducedto the mind map method and asked to apply it in their lessons. The results showed that the…

This study describes the process of defining a hypothetical learning progression (LP) for astronomy around the big idea of "Solar System formation." At the most sophisticated level, students can explain how the formation process led to the current Solar System by considering how the planets formed from the collapse of a rotating cloud of…