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Download full textJuhee Lee; Yujung Ko – English Teaching, 2023
This study aimed to compare the effects of self-regulation, goal orientation, and speaking anxiety on speaking performance between metaverse and face-to-face contexts. We randomly assigned 253 Korean middle school students to either metaverse or face-to-face groups for 12 weeks of English-speaking lessons. Before and after the experiment, students…
Descriptors: Self Control, Goal Orientation, Anxiety, English (Second Language)
Direct linkSally Wu, Yu-Han; Alan Hung, Shao-Ting – Journal of Educational Computing Research, 2022
Virtual Reality (VR) has been used to enhance EFL learners' speaking skills due to its immersive and interactive features. This study thus investigated the effects of VR on elementary school students' English-speaking performance and such affective variables as their willingness to communicate (WTC) and learning autonomy. Fifty-six EFL sixth…
Descriptors: Computer Simulation, Technology Uses in Education, Electronic Learning, Elementary School Students
