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Allen, Michael; Briten, Elizabeth – School Science Review, 2012
Two groups of year 6 pupils (age 10-11 years) each experienced science practical lessons that were essentially identical but for one difference: one group (theory-led) were told by the teacher what result they should expect, and the other group (hypothetico-deductive) were not. The theory-led group demonstrated experimental bias, recording results…
Descriptors: Scientific Methodology, Science Education, Science Instruction, Scientists