There is research evidence that creative agency has attracted worldwide attention in mainstream education as it could foster learners' active roles in taking control of their creative processes. However, without appropriate supporting tools, students may struggle to convey their ideas in complex creative practices. Digital storytelling and mobile…

This study extends the community of inquiry (CoI) framework and empowerment theory by exploring the relationships between motivational variables, CoI variables, learning presence, and empowerment. We added motivational beliefs (growth mindset, self-efficacy, and task value) as associated variables and learning presence (online self-regulation) as…