This literature review is intended to provide practical information; lessons learned and promising practices which have been drawn from recent Kindergarten to Grade 12 (K-12) one-to-one mobile computing research reports and related articles. The information is presented in the form of answers to the following questions: (1) How is one-to-one mobile computing defined? (2) What research has been and is being done? (3) What does the research say? And (4) What are the implications of this research for Alberta? Overall the research indicates that successful one-to-one computing initiatives are those that take a holistic approach with an emphasis on educational goals. Successful one-to-one mobile computing requires: leadership and commitment at all levels from those involved; thorough and long term planning; technology-infused curricula designed for the 21st century learner; current, relevant, engaging, and curriculum-matched multimedia resources; ongoing and embedded professional development, sufficient and well-functioning hardware and software; reliable broadband connectivity; timely technical support; community support; and sustainable funding. The review suggests that further investigation of one-to-one mobile computing is warranted and provides some of the information necessary to begin planning for additional research. The focus of research in Alberta could be to determine how one-to-one mobile computing improves learning, promotes innovative professional practice, and supports the acquisition century skills. One-to-one mobile computing technical merits and best practices could also be identified and models for technical support, hardware and software acquisition, and sustainability could be explored. A list of relevant web sites is included. (Contains 113 footnotes, 1 figure, 1 graph, and 8 tables.) [This document was prepared for Alberta Education by Learning Cultures Consulting Inc.]